essay "系统(system)" 400 words, english translation and finally vocabulary

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Here is an essay on the topic of "system" in approximately 400 words, with an English translation and vocabulary at the end.

系统(System)

系统是一个由相互关联和相互依赖的部分组成的有序整体。它们可以是自然系统,如太阳系、生态系统等,也可以是人工系统,如政治系统、经济系统等。系统的存在和运行都遵循着一定的规律和原理。

每个系统都有自己的结构和功能。结构指系统内部各个组成部分的相互关系,而功能则是系统运转的目标和作用。系统的结构和功能是密切相关的,一个系统的结构决定了它的功能,同时系统的功能也会反过来影响其结构的变化。例如,一台计算机系统的硬件结构决定了它的计算和存储功能,而计算机系统不断升级换代也会改变其硬件结构。

系统具有整体性和相互依赖性的特点。整体性指系统是一个有机整体,各个部分相互关联、相互影响,不可分割。相互依赖性则意味着系统内部各组成部分之间存在着相互依赖的关系,一个部分的变化会引起其他部分的相应变化。这就要求我们在认识和研究系统时,要从整体出发,关注系统各个部分之间的相互作用。

此外,系统还具有动态性和层次性。动态性意味着系统是处于不断变化和发展的状态,系统的结构和功能都在随时间而变化。层次性则体现在系统可以分为不同的层次,上层系统由下层系统组成,下层系统又可以进一步分解为更小的子系统。

总之,系统是一个复杂而又有序的整体,它的存在和运行遵循着一定的规律。只有全面认识和把握系统的特点,我们才能更好地理解和应用系统理论,提高系统的运行效率。

English Translation:

A system is an orderly whole composed of interrelated and interdependent parts. They can be natural systems, such as the solar system and ecosystems, or artificial systems, such as political systems and economic systems. The existence and operation of systems all follow certain rules and principles.

Each system has its own structure and function. The structure refers to the internal relationships between the various components of the system, while the function is the goal and role of the system's operation. The structure and function of a system are closely related. The structure of a system determines its function, and the function of a system can also affect changes in its structure. For example, the hardware structure of a computer system determines its computing and storage functions, and the continuous upgrading and replacement of computer systems also changes its hardware structure.

Systems have the characteristics of integrity and interdependence. Integrity means that a system is an organic whole, and its various parts are interrelated and interdependent, and cannot be divided. Interdependence means that there are interdependent relationships between the various components within the system, and changes in one part will lead to corresponding changes in other parts. This requires us to understand and study the system from a holistic perspective, focusing on the interactions between the various parts of the system.

In addition, systems also have the characteristics of dynamism and hierarchy. Dynamism means that a system is in a state of constant change and development, and the structure and function of the system are changing over time. Hierarchy means that a system can be divided into different levels, with the upper-level system composed of the lower-level systems, and the lower-level systems can be further decomposed into smaller subsystems.

In summary, a system is a complex and orderly whole, and its existence and operation follow certain rules. Only by fully understanding and grasping the characteristics of the system can we better understand and apply system theory and improve the efficiency of the system's operation.

Vocabulary:

1. 系统 (system)

2. 相互关联 (interrelated)

3. 相互依赖 (interdependent)

4. 有序整体 (orderly whole)

5. 自然系统 (natural system)

6. 人工系统 (artificial system)

7. 结构 (structure)

8. 功能 (function)

9. 整体性 (integrity)

10. 相互作用 (interaction)

11. 动态性 (dynamism)

12. 层次性 (hierarchy)

13. 子系统 (subsystem)

14. 规律 (rules)

15. 原理 (principles)